大量(liang)的化(hua)石能源(yuan)應用(yong)導致全球范圍內的環境污染(ran)問題(ti)不斷惡(e)化(hua)，因此需要(yao)在減少化(hua)石能源(yuan)使(shi)用(yong)的同時(shi)開發(fa)利用(yong)清(qing)潔能源(yuan) [1-2]。近年來，隨著我國對節(jie)能減排問題(ti)日漸(jian)重視，電(dian)力行業加強了(le)對風(feng)電(dian)、光伏發(fa)電(dian)、核電(dian)與水電(dian)等清(qing)潔能源(yuan)領域(yu)的投資 [3]。

　　其中，光伏發電具有清潔、環保、資源分布不受地域限制等優點 [4]。近年來，隨著光伏發電技術的高速發展及國家政策的大力支持，光伏產業得到了很大程度的發展 [5-7]，當前光伏發電呈現出“規模化分散開發、低壓接入、就地消納"的局面，光伏發電技術成為較成熟的一項新能源發電技術 [8]。單相交流電表用于光伏并網系統485通訊

　　在我國當前的電力系統中，配電網是從輸電網獲取電能并將電能配送到用戶的重要環節，具有點多面廣的特點 [9]。將光伏電力融入到現有配電網中，可以實現配電網重構，而配電網重構是優化主動配電網運行方式的一種有效途徑 [10]。單相交流電表用于光伏并網系統485通訊

　　根據運行模式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)不同，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)分為并(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)獨(du)立光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)2種。當前(qian)，雖然并(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)所發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)可(ke)(ke)接(jie)入國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，但國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)倡導光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)遵循“就近(jin)(jin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、就近(jin)(jin)并(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)、就近(jin)(jin)轉換(huan)、就近(jin)(jin)使用"的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則，以有效(xiao)解決(jue)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)在(zai)升(sheng)壓及長距離(li)輸運過程中的(de)(de)(de)損耗問(wen)題(ti)。獨(du)立光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)獨(du)立供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，具有用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)靈(ling)活、系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)安裝方便的(de)(de)(de)特點，其所發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)不接(jie)入國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，在(zai)完(wan)成供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后可(ke)(ke)將(jiang)剩余的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)儲存在(zai)配套的(de)(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內，從而使光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)得到充分利(li)用。若將(jiang)并(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)獨(du)立發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能(neng)相融合，使光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)同時具備(bei)并(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)和(he)(he)離(li)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)，再與(yu)儲能(neng)技術相結合，可(ke)(ke)有效(xiao)抑制光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)自身存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)波動(dong)性[11-12]，從而可(ke)(ke)構建近(jin)(jin)似微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，此類發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)一種可(ke)(ke)充分利(li)用新(xin)能(neng)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)形式(shi)，具備(bei)交(jiao)、直流(liu)靈(ling)活供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)獨(du)立和(he)(he)并(bing)(bing)(bing)網(wang)這 2種狀態下運行 [13]。

　　目前，有些(xie)房(fang)車(che)車(che)頂(ding)安裝了(le)(le)(le)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，該(gai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)所發(fa)的(de)(de)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經過光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)控制器后可供(gong)(gong)車(che)內(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備使用(yong)(yong)(yong)，同(tong)時(shi)還可將剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量存(cun)儲在(zai)配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組中，供(gong)(gong)夜間或(huo)陰雨(yu)天(tian)時(shi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。但(dan)大部分應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)配(pei)備的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組可存(cun)儲的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量有限，在(zai)連(lian)續陰雨(yu)天(tian)，或(huo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力不足但(dan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組又無法滿足供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求的(de)(de)情況下，無其他應急(ji)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)措施；并(bing)且(qie)現有的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)大多數采用(yong)(yong)(yong)獨立光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，在(zai)房(fang)車(che)閑(xian)置(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)也處于(yu)(yu)(yu)閑(xian)置(zhi)(zhi)狀態，造(zao)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)能源浪(lang)費(fei)。基于(yu)(yu)(yu)此，本文介(jie)紹(shao)了(le)(le)(le)一種同(tong)樣(yang)可以(yi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，該(gai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)安裝在(zai)房(fang)車(che)的(de)(de)車(che)頂(ding)，具備并(bing)網運行和獨立運行 2 種運行模式，并(bing)配(pei)備了(le)(le)(le)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組。此類(lei)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)類(lei)似于(yu)(yu)(yu)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網，可充分利用(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力。