大量的化石能(neng)源(yuan)應用導致全球(qiu)范(fan)圍內的環境污染問題不斷惡化，因此需要(yao)在(zai)減(jian)少化石能(neng)源(yuan)使用的同(tong)時(shi)開發利用清潔能(neng)源(yuan) [1-2]。近年來，隨著我國對節能(neng)減(jian)排(pai)問題日漸重視，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)行業加強了(le)對風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光(guang)伏發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等清潔能(neng)源(yuan)領域(yu)的投資 [3]。

　　其中，光伏發電具有清潔、環保、資源分布不受地域限制等優點 [4]。近年來，隨著光伏發電技術的高速發展及國家政策的大力支持，光伏產業得到了很大程度的發展 [5-7]，當前光伏發電呈現出“規模化分散開發、低壓接入、就地消納"的局面，光伏發電技術成為較成熟的一項新能源發電技術 [8]。單相防逆流電表用于光伏并網系統CE認證

　　在我國當前的電力系統中，配電網是從輸電網獲取電能并將電能配送到用戶的重要環節，具有點多面廣的特點 [9]。將光伏電力融入到現有配電網中，可以實現配電網重構，而配電網重構是優化主動配電網運行方式的一種有效途徑 [10]。單相防逆流電表用于光伏并網系統CE認證

　　根據運(yun)行(xing)模式(shi)的(de)不同(tong)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分為(wei)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)和獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)2種。當前，雖然并(bing)網(wang)(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)所發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)接(jie)(jie)入國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，但國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)倡(chang)導光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)遵循“就近發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、就近并(bing)網(wang)(wang)、就近轉(zhuan)換、就近使用"的(de)原則，以有(you)(you)效(xiao)解(jie)決光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)升壓及長(chang)距離輸(shu)運(yun)過(guo)程中的(de)損耗問題。獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)靈(ling)活、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)安(an)裝方便的(de)特(te)點(dian)，其所發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)不接(jie)(jie)入國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)完(wan)成供電(dian)(dian)(dian)后可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)將剩余的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儲存在(zai)(zai)(zai)配(pei)套的(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池內，從而使光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)得到充分利用。若(ruo)將并(bing)網(wang)(wang)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功能相融合，使光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)同(tong)時(shi)具(ju)(ju)備并(bing)網(wang)(wang)和離網(wang)(wang)的(de)功能，再(zai)與(yu)儲能技術相結合，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)效(xiao)抑制(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)自身存在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)波動性[11-12]，從而可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)構建近似微電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，此類發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)是一種可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)充分利用新能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)的(de)新型系(xi)統(tong)(tong)形式(shi)，具(ju)(ju)備交、直流靈(ling)活供電(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)，并(bing)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立和并(bing)網(wang)(wang)這(zhe) 2種狀態下運(yun)行(xing) [13]。

　　目前(qian)，有(you)些房(fang)車車頂安裝(zhuang)了(le)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)所發(fa)的(de)(de)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經過光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)控制(zhi)器后可供(gong)(gong)車內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)，同(tong)時還可將(jiang)剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)存儲(chu)在配置的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組中，供(gong)(gong)夜間或陰(yin)雨天時使(shi)用(yong)。但大(da)部(bu)分(fen)應用(yong)于(yu)房(fang)車的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)配備(bei)的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組可存儲(chu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)有(you)限，在連續陰(yin)雨天，或光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力不(bu)足(zu)但蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組又無法滿足(zu)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求的(de)(de)情況下(xia)，無其他應急供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)措施；并且現(xian)有(you)的(de)(de)應用(yong)于(yu)房(fang)車的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)大(da)多數(shu)采用(yong)獨立光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，在房(fang)車閑(xian)(xian)置時，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)也處于(yu)閑(xian)(xian)置狀態，造(zao)成(cheng)了(le)能源(yuan)浪費。基于(yu)此，本(ben)文介紹了(le)一種(zhong)同(tong)樣可以應用(yong)于(yu)房(fang)車的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)安裝(zhuang)在房(fang)車的(de)(de)車頂，具備(bei)并網(wang)運(yun)行(xing)和獨立運(yun)行(xing) 2 種(zhong)運(yun)行(xing)模式(shi)，并配備(bei)了(le)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組。此類光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)類似于(yu)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，可充(chong)分(fen)利用(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力。