大量(liang)的(de)化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)源應用導致全球范圍內的(de)環境污染問題不(bu)斷惡化(hua)，因此(ci)需要在減(jian)少化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)源使(shi)用的(de)同(tong)時開發(fa)利用清潔能(neng)(neng)源 [1-2]。近年(nian)來，隨著(zhu)我國對節能(neng)(neng)減(jian)排問題日漸重視，電(dian)力行(xing)業加強(qiang)了對風(feng)電(dian)、光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)、核電(dian)與水(shui)電(dian)等(deng)清潔能(neng)(neng)源領域(yu)的(de)投(tou)資(zi) [3]。

　　其中，光伏發電具有清潔、環保、資源分布不受地域限制等優點 [4]。近年來，隨著光伏發電技術的高速發展及國家政策的大力支持，光伏產業得到了很大程度的發展 [5-7]，當前光伏發電呈現出“規模化分散開發、低壓接入、就地消納"的局面，光伏發電技術成為較成熟的一項新能源發電技術 [8]。光伏雙向電表CE認證485通訊0.5級

　　在我國當前的電力系統中，配電網是從輸電網獲取電能并將電能配送到用戶的重要環節，具有點多面廣的特點 [9]。將光伏電力融入到現有配電網中，可以實現配電網重構，而配電網重構是優化主動配電網運行方式的一種有效途徑 [10]。光伏雙向電表CE認證485通訊0.5級

　　根據運行模式的(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)和(he)獨(du)立(li)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)2種。當(dang)前，雖然并(bing)網(wang)(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)所(suo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)可(ke)接(jie)入國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，但國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)倡導(dao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)遵循“就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)(jin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)(jin)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)、就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)(jin)轉換、就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)(jin)使用(yong)"的(de)(de)(de)原則，以有效解決(jue)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)在(zai)升壓及(ji)長距(ju)離(li)輸運過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗問題。獨(du)立(li)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)可(ke)獨(du)立(li)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，具(ju)有用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)式靈(ling)活、系(xi)(xi)統(tong)安裝方(fang)(fang)便的(de)(de)(de)特點，其所(suo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)不接(jie)入國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，在(zai)完(wan)成供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后可(ke)將剩余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)儲(chu)(chu)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)配套的(de)(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內，從而(er)使光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)得到充分(fen)利用(yong)。若將并(bing)網(wang)(wang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與獨(du)立(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能相融合(he)，使光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)同(tong)時具(ju)備并(bing)網(wang)(wang)和(he)離(li)網(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)功能，再與儲(chu)(chu)能技術(shu)相結合(he)，可(ke)有效抑制光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)自身存(cun)(cun)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)波動(dong)性[11-12]，從而(er)可(ke)構(gou)建(jian)近(jin)(jin)似(si)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，此類(lei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)是一種可(ke)充分(fen)利用(yong)新能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)新型系(xi)(xi)統(tong)形(xing)式，具(ju)備交、直流靈(ling)活供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式，并(bing)可(ke)在(zai)獨(du)立(li)和(he)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)這(zhe) 2種狀態下運行 [13]。

　　目前，有(you)些房(fang)車(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)頂(ding)(ding)安(an)裝(zhuang)了(le)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，該系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)所發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經(jing)過光(guang)伏(fu)控制器后(hou)可(ke)供(gong)(gong)車(che)(che)(che)內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)，同時(shi)還(huan)可(ke)將剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量存(cun)(cun)儲在(zai)配置的(de)(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)中，供(gong)(gong)夜間(jian)或(huo)陰(yin)雨天時(shi)使(shi)用(yong)。但(dan)大部分應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)配備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)可(ke)存(cun)(cun)儲的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量有(you)限，在(zai)連(lian)續陰(yin)雨天，或(huo)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)不(bu)足但(dan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)又(you)無法滿足供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，無其(qi)他應(ying)急供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)措施；并且現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)大多(duo)數采用(yong)獨立光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，在(zai)房(fang)車(che)(che)(che)閑置時(shi)，光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)閑置狀態，造成了(le)能源浪費。基于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)，本文介(jie)紹了(le)一種同樣可(ke)以應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，該系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)房(fang)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)車(che)(che)(che)頂(ding)(ding)，具備(bei)并網(wang)運行和獨立運行 2 種運行模式，并配備(bei)了(le)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)(zu)。此(ci)類光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)類似(si)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，可(ke)充分利(li)用(yong)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)。