摘要：軌(gui)道(dao)交通(tong)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)需要(yao)大(da)量(liang)的變頻(pin)設備，導致其電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)含有大(da)量(liang)的諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)，這些諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)影響到電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)穩(wen)定性(xing)，從而威脅到城市(shi)軌(gui)道(dao)交通(tong)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)的安全性(xing)和穩(wen)定性(xing)。有源濾波(bo)(bo)裝置在城市(shi)軌(gui)道(dao)交通(tong)中(zhong)的應用，可(ke)以消(xiao)除電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)的諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)(bo)，確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)安全性(xing)。

關鍵詞：有源濾波；城(cheng)市(shi)軌道交通；諧波治(zhi)理(li)

0引言

本文主要介(jie)紹(shao)了(le)(le)有(you)源濾(lv)波(bo)裝置(zhi)、諧(xie)波(bo)對城市軌道(dao)交通(tong)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)以(yi)及有(you)源濾(lv)波(bo)裝置(zhi)在某市地(di)鐵4號線的(de)應用，取得了(le)(le)良好的(de)效(xiao)果(guo)，電流諧(xie)波(bo)畸變率從27%降低到2.3%，功(gong)率因(yin)素(su)從0.8提(ti)高到0.95，諧(xie)波(bo)改善效(xiao)果(guo)非(fei)常(chang)顯著。

1有源濾波裝置

有源濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)裝置(zhi)，就是(shi)一種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)語動態抑制(zhi)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)、補(bu)償(chang)無功(gong)的(de)(de)(de)新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子裝置(zhi)，能夠(gou)對(dui)任何諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)治(zhi)(zhi)理，在當前已經(jing)廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)到了(le)軌道(dao)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)行(xing)(xing)業中。有源濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)裝置(zhi)，是(shi)采用(yong)(yong)現代電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)和(he)(he)基(ji)于高速DSP器(qi)(qi)(qi)件的(de)(de)(de)數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)號(hao)處(chu)(chu)理技術(shu)，制(zhi)成的(de)(de)(de)新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)治(zhi)(zhi)理設備，它由(you)指(zhi)令(ling)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)和(he)(he)補(bu)償(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)發(fa)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)構(gou)成。指(zhi)令(ling)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)對(dui)實時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)監控(kong)，并將模(mo)(mo)擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)信(xin)號(hao)轉換為數字(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)信(xin)號(hao)，然(ran)后(hou)通(tong)(tong)過通(tong)(tong)信(xin)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)傳(chuan)輸到數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)號(hao)處(chu)(chu)理器(qi)(qi)(qi)中，數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)號(hao)處(chu)(chu)理器(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)號(hao)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)處(chu)(chu)理，將諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)和(he)(he)基(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)分離，并將脈寬調(diao)制(zhi)信(xin)號(hao)向補(bu)償(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)輸送驅動脈沖，驅動IGBT和(he)(he)IPM模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)，其生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)幅值(zhi)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)幅值(zhi)相等，然(ran)后(hou)將極性不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)補(bu)償(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)注入到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中，從而對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)補(bu)償(chang)和(he)(he)抵消(xiao)，消(xiao)除電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。有源濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)器(qi)(qi)(qi)打破(po)了(le)過去(qu)傳(chuan)統濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)器(qi)(qi)(qi)只(zhi)能固定補(bu)償(chang)或者無功(gong)補(bu)償(chang)的(de)(de)(de)缺(que)點，可以實現對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)動態跟蹤補(bu)償(chang)，既(ji)可以消(xiao)除諧(xie)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)，又可以達到無功(gong)補(bu)償(chang)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)[1]。

2諧波對(dui)城市軌道交(jiao)通(tong)功的影(ying)響

諧(xie)(xie)波指的頻(pin)率為(wei)50Hz基波頻(pin)率整(zheng)數倍的周期性(xing)正(zheng)弦能量。諧(xie)(xie)波是影響供電(dian)(dian)(dian)質量的重(zhong)要因素，城市(shi)軌(gui)道交通(tong)運行過程(cheng)(cheng)中，需要直(zhi)流(liu)牽引網為(wei)列車供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源需要通(tong)過硅(gui)整(zheng)流(liu)獲得，整(zheng)流(liu)在交、直(zhi)流(liu)變(bian)換(huan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中產(chan)生(sheng)諧(xie)(xie)波。同(tong)時，地鐵列車為(wei)了提高(gao)舒適性(xing)、安全性(xing)和可靠(kao)性(xing)，安裝大量的調頻(pin)裝置(zhi)、風機(ji)、監控系統、電(dian)(dian)(dian)力機(ji)車等設備，這些(xie)設備數量比較多，在運行過程(cheng)(cheng)中，對城市(shi)軌(gui)道交通(tong)產(chan)生(sheng)重(zhong)要影響。

2.1影響電網(wang)安全(quan)性

地(di)鐵(tie)低壓電(dian)氣系(xi)(xi)(xi)統包括AC400V開關柜進線、配電(dian)箱、動力(li)(li)配電(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統、照明系(xi)(xi)(xi)統、應(ying)急電(dian)源(yuan)裝(zhuang)置、接地(di)與安全系(xi)(xi)(xi)統。地(di)鐵(tie)電(dian)網系(xi)(xi)(xi)統產(chan)生大量的諧(xie)波(bo)，導(dao)致電(dian)網接地(di)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置失效，增(zeng)加電(dian)力(li)(li)損耗，影(ying)響(xiang)到電(dian)網的安全性(xing)和可靠性(xing)。軌道交通產(chan)生大量的諧(xie)波(bo)，需要無功補償(chang)裝(zhuang)置進行補償(chang)，增(zeng)加了電(dian)力(li)(li)設備(bei)(bei)的損耗，導(dao)致電(dian)力(li)(li)設備(bei)(bei)絕緣體破裂、設備(bei)(bei)老(lao)化(hua)等問(wen)題。無功補償(chang)裝(zhuang)置長期運行，可能(neng)導(dao)致電(dian)力(li)(li)設備(bei)(bei)和線路溫度過高(gao)，加速設備(bei)(bei)的老(lao)化(hua)時間(jian)，從而導(dao)致斷(duan)路器(qi)電(dian)弧熄滅時間(jian)延長，斷(duan)路器(qi)出(chu)現誤斷(duan)現象，導(dao)致電(dian)力(li)(li)故障。

2.2增加變壓器的損耗

諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)增(zeng)加變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)部電(dian)(dian)阻損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)體中的(de)(de)渦流損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)以及外部損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)發熱。目前地(di)鐵工程(cheng)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)大多數采用(yong)星型或者三角形接(jie)線方(fang)式(shi)，這(zhe)增(zeng)加了(le)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)零序(xu)諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)為變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)側(ce)繞(rao)組提供了(le)環(huan)流桐廬(lu)，抑制諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)向電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)端的(de)(de)傳輸，然而這(zhe)種(zhong)接(jie)線方(fang)式(shi)不(bu)會(hui)阻止其他頻率的(de)(de)諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)傳輸到電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)端，從(cong)而增(zeng)加變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，進一(yi)步(bu)增(zeng)加電(dian)(dian)力損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，影響(xiang)到供電(dian)(dian)質量(liang)。其次，諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)還會(hui)增(zeng)加變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)鐵耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)發熱變(bian)形，這(zhe)主(zhu)要是由于(yu)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)的(de)(de)鐵芯中的(de)(de)磁(ci)滯(zhi)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)增(zeng)加，諧(xie)(xie)波(bo)讓電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)波(bo)形變(bian)差，從(cong)而增(zeng)加了(le)磁(ci)滯(zhi)損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)部電(dian)(dian)阻損(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、鐵耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)增(zeng)加，減(jian)少(shao)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)實際電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，從(cong)而影響(xiang)到變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)，無法達到實際設計要求的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)。

2.3對(dui)補償裝置的損耗

為了(le)保證地鐵列車正常用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，城市軌道交通變壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)要保證長時間供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)長期(qi)處(chu)于飽和(he)狀態下，自身產生一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)。安裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)以夠抵消一些諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)，但是如(ru)果諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含量過大，造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)發熱，增加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)表面絕(jue)緣物質的(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)化(hua)，從(cong)而(er)影(ying)響到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用時間。如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)投入到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓已經(jing)出(chu)現問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網，則可(ke)以進(jin)一步(bu)加(jia)劇(ju)(ju)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)現象(xiang)，大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波(bo)讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓出(chu)現尖(jian)頂(ding)波(bo)形，頂(ding)尖(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波(bo)可(ke)能(neng)誘發局部放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓升降(jiang)變壓化(hua)，導致局部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流過大，從(cong)而(er)加(jia)劇(ju)(ju)絕(jue)緣介質的(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)化(hua)程度，影(ying)響到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用壽命。如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓升高10%，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用壽命縮(suo)短一半(ban)。

3有(you)源濾(lv)波裝置在城市(shi)軌道交通中的應(ying)用效果

3.1工程概況

某(mou)市(shi)地鐵4號線(xian)工(gong)程起于航天新城，止于北客(ke)站，線(xian)路總長35.2km，共設置(zhi)29座車站。考慮到地鐵列車的配電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)在(zai)運行過程中，產量(liang)大量(liang)的諧(xie)波(bo)，為了改(gai)善配電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的電(dian)能(neng)質量(liang)，某(mou)市(shi)地鐵4號線(xian)在(zai)全線(xian)所有(you)車站均(jun)安裝有(you)源濾波(bo)裝置(zhi)，實(shi)現對諧(xie)波(bo)的治理(li)。

3.2諧波治理

某市地鐵4號線選(xuan)擇的(de)(de)(de)是LBAPF有(you)源(yuan)濾波(bo)(bo)(bo)器(qi)(qi)，對(dui)(dui)于諧波(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)主要是對(dui)(dui)降壓變(bian)電所(suo)的(de)(de)(de)動力照明(ming)系統(tong)進行(xing)電能質量(liang)綜合治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。在變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)低壓側母(mu)線采(cai)取集中治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)方式進行(xing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)效果比較明(ming)顯，效率(lv)高，能夠完成諧波(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，達到軌道交通的(de)(de)(de)相關要求。LBAPF有(you)源(yuan)濾波(bo)(bo)(bo)裝置具有(you)極快的(de)(de)(de)響應時間(jian)，主電路拓撲(pu)和(he)控制算法(fa)，其精度高、運行(xing)更穩(wen)定(ding)。既可補諧波(bo)(bo)(bo)，又可兼補無功(gong)：模(mo)塊(kuai)化設計，便于生產調試便利(li)的(de)(de)(de)并聯設計：具有(you)完蓋的(de)(de)(de)橋售過流、保護功(gong)能。使用方便，易于操作和(he)維護。LBAPF有(you)源(yuan)濾波(bo)(bo)(bo)器(qi)(qi)相關的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)參數和(he)原件(jian)如下表:

表(biao)1為(wei)有(you)源濾(lv)波裝(zhuang)置(zhi)相美技術參數表(biao)

3.3諧波治理效果

為了檢驗有源(yuan)濾(lv)波裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置對(dui)軌道交通供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改善，2019年1月8日到15日對(dui)某市(shi)地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)4號(hao)(hao)線已(yi)經安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有源(yuan)濾(lv)波裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置的(de)(de)(de)(de)車(che)站(zhan)(zhan)使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)儀(yi)對(dui)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行檢查。本(ben)次使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)儀(yi)型(xing)號(hao)(hao)為CA8335，這種型(xing)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)儀(yi)具有強大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記錄(lu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能，可以對(dui)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升降、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)中(zhong)斷、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)頻率、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)峰值、有功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率、無功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率、閃變、諧波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不平(ping)衡率等指標進(jin)行長(chang)時間(jian)(jian)記錄(lu)。將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)夾(jia)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)鉗等連接地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)車(che)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，采(cai)(cai)集配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，然后(hou)(hou)進(jin)行測(ce)試(shi)。通過測(ce)試(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)車(che)站(zhan)(zhan)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有源(yuan)濾(lv)波裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置以后(hou)(hou)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化。測(ce)試(shi)儀(yi)器采(cai)(cai)集不同時段地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)車(che)站(zhan)(zhan)運(yun)行數據，從而(er)測(ce)試(shi)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。經過長(chang)時間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)試(shi)跟蹤得出有源(yuan)濾(lv)波裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置開(kai)啟(qi)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率、功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率因素平(ping)均值，統(tong)計(ji)結果如(ru)下表(biao)：

表(biao)2有(you)源濾波裝置開啟前后功率以及公功率因素(su)平均值(zhi)

表3為有源濾波裝置開啟(qi)前后(hou)諧波電流百分比(bi)

3.4結果分析

從(cong)上述表格內容(rong)可以(yi)得(de)出，有(you)源(yuan)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)開(kai)啟前，4號(hao)線(xian)的(de)(de)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統3、5、7、9、11、13次諧波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)比較(jiao)大，功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因數偏(pian)低(di)(di)(di)。有(you)源(yuan)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)開(kai)啟后，配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統的(de)(de)諧波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)經(jing)過有(you)源(yuan)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)處理以(yi)后，效(xiao)果比較(jiao)好，A相總電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)畸(ji)變(bian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)從(cong)10.4%降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)到(dao)2.1%；B相總電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)畸(ji)變(bian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)從(cong)20.3%降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)到(dao)2.8%；C相總電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)畸(ji)變(bian)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)從(cong)27%降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)到(dao)3.4%。功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因素(su)從(cong)0.8提高到(dao)0.95。所以(yi)，有(you)源(yuan)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)改善了(le)4號(hao)線(xian)的(de)(de)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統供電(dian)(dian)(dian)質(zhi)量(liang)，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)了(le)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統的(de)(de)無功(gong)損耗，消除了(le)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統的(de)(de)諧波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，提高了(le)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統的(de)(de)運行效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)力設備(bei)的(de)(de)使用壽命，有(you)源(yuan)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)達到(dao)了(le)設計要求。

4安(an)科瑞APF有源濾(lv)波器產品選型

4.1產品特點

(1)DSP+FPGA控(kong)制方式，響應時間短，全(quan)數字控(kong)制算法，運行穩定(ding)；

(2)一機(ji)多能(neng)，既(ji)可(ke)補諧(xie)波(bo)，又可(ke)兼補無功，可(ke)對2～51次諧(xie)波(bo)進行全(quan)補償或(huo)特定次諧(xie)波(bo)進行補償；

(3)具有完善的橋臂過流(liu)保護(hu)、直流(liu)過壓保護(hu)、裝置過溫保護(hu)功能；

(4)模塊化設計，體積(ji)小，安(an)裝便利，方便擴容；

(5)采(cai)用(yong)7英寸大(da)屏幕彩色觸摸屏以(yi)實現參(can)數設置和(he)(he)控制，使用(yong)方(fang)便(bian)，易于操作和(he)(he)維護；

(6)輸出端加裝(zhuang)濾波裝(zhuang)置，降低高頻紋波對電力系統的影響(xiang)；

(7)多機并(bing)聯(lian)，達到較高的電(dian)流輸出等級；

4.2型號說明

4.3尺寸說明

4.4產品實物展示

ANAPF有源(yuan)濾波器

5安科瑞智能電容(rong)器產品(pin)選型

5.1產品概述

AZC/AZCL系列智能電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)是應用于0.4kV、50Hz低(di)壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)中(zhong)用于節省能源、降低(di)線(xian)損、提高功(gong)率因(yin)數和電(dian)(dian)能質量的(de)新一代(dai)(dai)無(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償設備。它由智能測控單(dan)元，晶閘管復合開(kai)(kai)關電(dian)(dian)路，線(xian)路保護(hu)單(dan)元，兩臺共補(bu)(bu)(bu)或一臺分(fen)補(bu)(bu)(bu)低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)構成。可替代(dai)(dai)常(chang)規由熔絲、復合開(kai)(kai)關或機械式接(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)、熱繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)、低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)、指(zhi)示(shi)燈(deng)等散件(jian)在柜(ju)(ju)內和柜(ju)(ju)面由導線(xian)連接(jie)而組成的(de)自動無(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償裝置。具有(you)體積更小(xiao)，功(gong)耗更低(di)，維護(hu)方便，使(shi)用壽(shou)命長，可靠性高的(de)特點(dian)，適應現代(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)對(dui)無(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償的(de)更高要(yao)求。

AZC/AZCL系列智(zhi)能(neng)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)采(cai)用定式LCD液晶顯(xian)示(shi)器(qi)，可顯(xian)示(shi)三相母線(xian)電(dian)壓(ya)、三相母線(xian)電(dian)流、三相功(gong)率因數(shu)、頻(pin)率、電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)路(lu)數(shu)及投切(qie)狀態(tai)、有功(gong)功(gong)率、無功(gong)功(gong)率、諧波電(dian)壓(ya)總(zong)畸變(bian)率、電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)溫(wen)度等(deng)。通(tong)過(guo)內部(bu)晶閘管復(fu)合開關電(dian)路(lu)，自動尋找適宜投入（切(qie)除）點，實現過(guo)零(ling)投切(qie)，具有過(guo)壓(ya)保護(hu)(hu)、缺相保護(hu)(hu)、過(guo)諧保護(hu)(hu)、過(guo)溫(wen)保護(hu)(hu)等(deng)保護(hu)(hu)功(gong)能(neng)。

5.2型號說明

AZC系列(lie)智能電容器選型：

AZCL系(xi)列智能電容器選型：

5.3產品實物展示

AZC系(xi)列智(zhi)能(neng)電容模塊AZCL系(xi)列智(zhi)能(neng)電容模塊

安(an)科瑞無功(gong)補償裝(zhuang)置智能電容方(fang)案(an)

6結束語

將有(you)源濾波裝置(zhi)投入(ru)到(dao)城市軌(gui)道交通的配(pei)電(dian)系統(tong)中(zhong)，降(jiang)低了(le)配(pei)電(dian)系統(tong)諧波畸(ji)變率，提高了(le)配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)的功率因素，降(jiang)低了(le)配(pei)電(dian)系統(tong)的損耗，避免諧波對軌(gui)道交通供(gong)電(dian)、列(lie)車調度(du)、通信(xin)信(xin)號等方面的影響，提高了(le)整個供(gong)配(pei)電(dian)系統(tong)的安全性。

安科瑞侯文莉